what are the seven subversive currentswhat are the seven subversive currents

Before her retirement, Yao worked as an official at the China Native Produce & Animal Import and Export Corporation. Li joined the CCP in 1976. As Liu He articulated at the Davos World Economic Forum in 2018, active participation in economic globalization and the deepening of Chinas economic reform and openness have remained central to the countrys long-standing economic outlook. For the current fiscal year, the U.S. Navy is planning on retiring over 30 vessels, but not all of these will be sent to the junkyard. Equally important, this latest action further alienates a number of critical constituencies whose power Xi may be underestimating. Mr. Xi will face another ideological test later in the year when the Communist Party celebrates the 120th anniversary of Maos birth. Sent-down youth () refers to young, educated urbanites who left their home cities to serve as manual laborers in the countryside during the Cultural Revolution. Even these relatively measured campaigns proved too much for party leaders, who are wary of any challenges that could swell into outright opposition. Power could escape their grip, they have . At a time when Xi enjoys tremendous individual power, Li can potentially be viewed as a balancing forcethough not an impressive one thus farwithin the political establishment. It seems that Xi, more than any previous top leader, is interested in having his legacy centered on the development of rule of law and the judiciary in China. He then served as a member of the Secretariat of the CCYL National Committee and vice-chairman of Chinas Youth Federation (19972001). The recent NPC meeting has proposed removing a clause from the countrys constitutionadded during the Deng Xiaoping erawhich limits both the presidency and vice presidency to two five-year terms. By Herb Kirchhoff. To Xi or not to Xi? Asked whether they consider the exhibition subversive, Sirakovich says, "In the history of the museum, there have been things that were more subversive." And Mendelsohn adds: "I don't understand all the fuss over nudity. She was head of the Womens Association of Anshan City (198891), deputy head of the Workers Union of Liaoning Province (199193), head of the Womens Association of Liaoning (199394), head of the Workers Union of Liaoning (199497), and deputy party secretary of Liaoning (19972005). 8893. The New York Times has gotten hold of a secret Chinese Communist Party memo, which lists seven subversive currents in Chinese society, which could lead to the overthrow of the party after the fashion of the French Revolution. Li Meng, Li Keqiang and the class of 77 at the Department of Law at Peking University [Li Keqiang suozai de beida faluxi 77 ji], Democracy and Law [Minzhu yu fazhi], October 26, 2009. She joined the CCP in 1973. In Chinas tight but often contentious political circles, proponents of deeper Western-style economic changes are often allied with those pushing for rule of law and a more open political system, while traditionalists favor greater state control of both economic and political life. These seven perils were enumerated in a memo, referred to as Document No. He was the first person from his county to attend Peking University. He then served as deputy director of the State Council Information Office, where he was in charge of e-commerce and international cooperation (200103). Han was then made secretary of the CCYL committee of the Chemical Industry Bureau of the Shanghai Municipal Government (198286), deputy party secretary of the Shanghai School of Chemical Engineering (198687), party secretary and deputy director of Shanghai No. Wang was a staff member at the Shaanxi Museum (197173 and 197379) before he joined the CCP in 1983. Also see Wu Ming, Chinas new leader: Biography of Xi Jinping [], enlarged new edition (Hong Kong: , 2010), p. 572. 9, that bears the unmistakable imprimatur of Xi Jinping, China's new top leader. Deep-ocean currents are initiated near Antarctica and in the North Atlantic Ocean, where cold, dense water sinks. Han joined the CCP in 1979. Yet, critics often point to the arrests and harassment of human rights lawyers in China as examples that the rule of law in China has actually regressed under Xis leadership. Sun began her career as a worker in a watch factory in Anshan (1969) and, eventually, became a party official in the same factory (197174). He also served as a soldier in the 38th Group Army of the PLA (197073). Just what is the bottom line for reform? Mr. Hu said on a Web site run by his family to commemorate his father, Hu Yaobang, a leader of political and economic relaxation in the 1980s. Back-draught of a wave. Li advanced his early career primarily through the Chinese Communist Youth League (CCYL), serving as secretary of the CCYL Committee at Peking University (198283). If, for some reason, Li Keqiang steps down from his position as premier of the State Council before the end of his term, Han may be a leading candidate for that position. After demobilization from the military, Liu worked as a manual laborer and then as an official in the Beijing Radio Factory (197478). Power could escape their grip, they have been told, unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents coursing through Chinese society These seven perils were enumerated in a memo, referred to as Document No. As an undergraduate majoring in law, Li studied under Professor Gong Xiangrui, a well-known, British-educated expert on Western political and administrative systems. Liu served as a chief drafter of the communiqu at the Third Plenum of the 18th National Party Congress, which claimed to be version 2.0 of Chinas market development.5. He then became vice premier of the State Council (200813), a Politburo member (200717), and a Politburo Standing Committee Member (201217). His township-centered urbanization, however, was regarded by Xis economic team as neither desirable (due to its resulting inefficiency of resources and widespread pollution) nor feasible (because young people are less interested in staying at small towns) and thus was largely replaced by a development strategy for large urban clusters. In 1988, for example, Zhu Rongji, then mayor of Shanghai, visited the citys Dazhonghua Rubber Plant, where Han Zheng was employed. Li then served as party secretary of Liaoning Province (200407). There is a bipartisan consensus on the fact that China poses a broad challenge to the United States across multiple domains. For a detailed discussion of these cases, see Cheng Li, Chinese Politics in the Xi Jinping Era: Reassessing Collective Leadership (Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution Press, 2016), pp. Opponents of one-party rule, it says, have stirred up trouble about disclosing officials assets, using the Internet to fight corruption, media controls and other sensitive topics, to provoke discontent with the party and government.. But Mr. Xi and his colleagues were victims of expectations that they themselves encouraged, rather than a foreign conspiracy, analysts said. Another proposed change would enshrine Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in the constitutions preamble, following Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, and Deng Xiaoping Theory. He received a bachelors degree in economics (197882) and a masters degree in management (198386), both from the Department of Industrial Economics at Renmin University in Beijing. Sooner or later, some political elites may stand up for their belief in the institutionalized norms of the Deng era. They have been disillusioned by Xis leadership ever since 2013, when authorities began cracking down on open discussion of seven subversive currents, including constitutional democracy, human rights, civil society, and media freedom. Hu Chunhua has six siblings. In a disappointing turn for those who have upheld more optimistic prognoses for Xiand for Chinahe opted to revert the country back to the era of strongman politics and the personality cult. 2. The information you're looking for, is in the "To URL" section. Liu He is widely considered to be an adviser rather than a policymaker. Since the document was issued, the campaign for ideological orthodoxy has prompted a torrent of commentary and articles in party-run periodicals. Psychologists utilize a variety of perspectives when studying how people think, feel, and behave. That has included a visit to a historic site where Mao undertook one of his own attempts to remake the ruling party in the 1950s. HONG KONG Communist Party cadres have filled meeting halls around China to hear a somber, secretive warning issued by senior leaders. Upon taking office in 2013, Xi issued a memo urging party officials to eradicate "seven subversive currents" coursing through Chinese societyincluding "Western constitutional democracy," notions of "universal values" of human rights, and a Western-style free press. The memo called for the eradication of "seven subversive currents" in Chinese society, including "Western constitutional democracy," "universal values" of human rights, and Western . Liu He was born on January 25, 1952, in Beijing. In conjunction with his frequent meetings with foreign leaders in Guangdong, these trips abroad have helped to broaden Hus international experience. These include township-centered urbanization (), affordable housing, employment, food security, public health care, clean energy technology, and the reduction of bureaucratic barriers for private sector development. Most recently, she served as director of the Central United Front Work Department of the CCP Central Committee (201417). Instead, Mr. Xi has signaled a shift to a more conservative, traditional leftist stance with his rectification campaign to ensure discipline and conspicuous attempts to defend the legacy of Mao Zedong. Their friendship stems from their childhoods in Beijing. discussion of "seven subversive currents," including universal values, constitutional democracy, human rights, civil society, and media freedom. In fact, Xi attended the Bayi School and Beijing No. Hu was first elected to the Central Committee as a full member at the 17th Party Congress in 2007. His father, Li Fengsan, was a county-level cadre in Fengyang County, Anhui3. His ancestral home is Fuping County, Shaanxi Province. His ex-wife, Ke Lingling, is the daughter of Ke Hua, former PRC ambassador to the United Kingdom, where Ke Lingling now lives. Behavioral Perspective. They have been disillusioned by Xi's leadership since 2013, when authorities began cracking down on open discussion of "seven subversive currents," including universal values, constitutional . These proposed constitutional revisions are the latestand most historically consequentialpower grab by the self-assured Chinese president. Otherwise, based on his continued consolidation of power and ambitions for the countryand, indeed, himselfXis new era may resurrect an old problem. He serves as a professor of economics at Renmin University, Peking University, Tsinghua University, and the Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Hu Chunhua was born in April 1963 in Wufeng County, Hubei Province. Document No. Some analysts have viewed Hus Politburo membership as a reflection of Deng Xiaopings political design for a grandpa-designated successor (). For more discussion about Hu Chunhuas patron-client ties with Hu Jintao, see Ren Huayi, The Sixth Generation: The CCPs Last Generation of Successors [] (New York: Mirror Books, 2010), and Ke Wei, The Rising Stars of the CCPs Sixth Generation [] (Hong Kong: New Culture Press, 2010). It is not clear when Xi and Wang first met. Early in his career, Wang worked as a researcher and director at the Institute of Contemporary History of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (197982) and then moved to the Rural Policy Research Office of the CCP Central Committee (198288). For more information, see. These seven perils were enumerated in a memo, referred to as Document No. Learn more. Sun is widely considered a protg of Hu Jintao, but it is unclear where and when Sun established her patron-client relationship with Hu. Mr. Xis hard line has disappointed Chinese liberals, some of whom once hailed his rise to power as an opportunity to push for political change after a long period of stagnation. I enjoy her subversive sense of humor. In the fall of 2013, Xi introduced Liu He to the U.S. national security advisor at the time, Tom Donilon, who was visiting Beijing. A how-to guide for managing the end of the post-Cold War era. Further, Xis work report at the 19th Party Congress established the Central Leading Group of Rule of Law in the party and a constitutional review system in the state. Seven months later, he was transferred to Beijing to serve as a Politburo Standing Committee member (2007present) and executive secretary of the Secretariat of the CCP Central Committee (200712). It was during his time in Shanghai that Han met five of his patron-mentors, namely Huang Ju, Wu Bangguo, Zhu Rongji, Zeng Qinghong, and Yu Zhengsheng, all of whom later served as members of the Politburo Standing Committee2. To better deter Russian subversion, we suggest concentrating defensive efforts on the most vulnerable regions and institutions and ensuring Such an atmosphere of distrust can only catalyze further administration aggressions toward China. Wang Qishan was born in 1948 in Tianzhen County, Shanxi Province1. Given his age, Liu will most likely serve only a single term in the Politburo. 2. : criticizing something in a clever and indirect way in order to make it weaker or less effective. The ramifications are very serious, because this seriously hurts the broad middle class and moderate reformers entrepreneurs and intellectuals. Xi was a sent-down youth at an agricultural commune in Yanchuan County, Shaanxi (196975)1. Some political elites may stand up for their belief in the institutionalized norms of the Deng era. Current below the surface. Power could escape their grip, they have been told, unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents coursing through Chinese society. : a systematic attempt to overthrow or undermine a government or political system by persons working from within also : the crime of committing acts in furtherance of such an attempt subversionary -zh-ner- adjective subversive -vr-siv adjective or noun subversively adverb subversiveness noun More from Merriam-Webster on subversion Within the Secretariat of the CCYL Central Committee, Li served as alternate member (198385), secretary (198593), and first secretary (199398). How the relationship between these two strongmen in China, Xi and Wang, will unfold in the years to come remains to be seen. Wang was a sent-down youth at an agricultural commune in Yanan County, Shaanxi (1969-1971)2. She received a technical education from the Anshan Institute of Iron and Steel Technology in Anshan City, Liaoning Province (196569)1. Xi's leadership has disillusioned liberal intellectuals since 2013, when authorities began cracking down on the open discussion of "seven subversive currents," including universal values . Others may see Xis reversal of constitutional constraints on term limits as heralding a return to an era of vicious power strugglesa zero-sum game in which they will also ruthlessly engage in the years to come. Wang will likely assist Xi in two important fields: China-U.S. relations and the Belt and Road Initiative. Both tasks will be very challenging due to the rapidly changing international environment. Staff members at the Southern Weekend newspaper there protested after a propaganda official rewrote an editorial celebrating constitutionalism the idea that state and party power should be subject to a supreme law that prevents abuses and protects citizens rights. Liu was subsequently promoted to director of the State Information Center (19982001). 9, the number given to it by the central party office that issued it in April. Hu Deping, a reform-minded former government official who has met Mr. Xi, recently issued a public warning about the leftward drift. Han attended a two-year college program at Fudan University in Shanghai (198385), completed his undergraduate degree (via part-time studies) in politics at East China Normal University in Shanghai (198587), and graduated with a masters in international political economy from East China Normal University (199496). By CHRIS BUCKLEY, August 19, 2013 (New York Times) HONG KONG Communist Party cadres have filled meeting halls around China to hear a somber, secretive warning issued by senior leaders. She later studied economic management in the Department of Economics at Liaoning University in Shenyang, Liaoning Province (via correspondence studies, 198184); participated in a program in economic management at the Liaoning Party School in Shenyang City, Liaoning Province (via correspondence studies, 198991); and attended a one-year training program at the Central Party School in Beijing (199293). But when the proposed constitutional changes are unsurprisingly approved by the National Party Congress next week, it will be left to Chinese society to determine whether to accept the risks of returning to winner-takes-all, strongman politics or instead continue down the path of Dengs reforms, with a government that incorporates Chinese-style checks and balances and honors the peaceful transition of power. If the international community views China through an increasingly negative lens, and if criticism from Chinese liberal intellectuals, rival political elites, and the Chinese citizenry gains steam, the result may be a leadership split and political instability in China. Current news at the front? The pressures that prompted the partys ideological counteroffensive spilled onto the streets of Guangzhou, a city in southern China, early this year. In other words, the party boss selects a team of rivals () in order to consolidate power.3. Psychodynamic Perspective. Birdsourcing ~ Citizen Scientist Ornithology! Other crossword clues with similar answers to 'Subsurface current'. 1. : secretly trying to ruin or destroy a government, political system, etc. Disaster City Revisit ~ BBC Spots Training Hub; Sea Level Rise Explorer ~ Map of Coastal Risk Deep-ocean currents are important regulators of global climate. Current therapies antibiotics that kill bacteria and steroids that tame infection-related inflammation can fail to ward off the worst consequences of the disease, particularly if therapy is initiated late due to delays in diagnosis. Not much information is available about Han Zhengs family. Zhang Ping, The sixth generation of leaders in the Chinese Communist Party was born out of speculations, Deutsche Welle, November 21, 2012. the author's subversive attitude . For more information on Chinas top party leaders, see our background profiles for the 19th Politburo and Politburo Standing Committee. Hu Chunhua was born into a family of very humble means. Many of them have invoked Maoist talk of class war rarely seen in official publications in recent years. Mr. Xis cherry picking of approaches from each of the rival camps, analysts say, could end up miring his own agenda in intraparty squabbling. Having served for two decades as a top administrator of Chinas pacesetting city, Shanghai, Han Zheng emerged from the 19th Party Congress as a top economic decision-maker in national leadership. Others insisted that he would flaunt established institutional norms and stay in power beyond his allotted two terms. Liu He has also been recognized for his humble demeanor. Mandy Zuo, Partys number two woman Sun Chunlan named chief of Tianjin, South China Morning Post, November 22, 2012, (, Deputy Head of the Central Leading Group for Belt and Road Initiative Construction (2018present), Full member of the Central Committee of the CCP (2007present). Zhang Lei, Nongchaoer [The man who paddles against the incoming tide], Nanfang Renwu Zhoukan [Southern People Weekly], August 26, 2013; and Wu Rujia and Lin Zijing, Wang Qishan lianpu [Changing roles of Wang Qishan], Fenghuang Zhoukan [Phoenix Weekly], December 5, 2013. The daughter, Liu Hes half-sister, married Gong Zheng, the current governor of Shandong Province. Reform efforts have centered on marginalizing the four PLA general departments that had undermined the authority of the civilian-led CMC; transforming Chinas military operations from a Russian-style, army-centric system toward what analysts call a Western-style joint command system; and swiftly promoting young guards to top positions in the officer corps. Chinas state leaders were revealed on March 18, 2018 at the conclusion of the 13th National Peoples Congress (NPC). It is likely that their friendship developed through growing up together in the same neighborhood. She received her undergraduate degree in English at the PLA Foreign Language Institute in Luoyang and her doctoral degree in literature at the Chinese Academy of Social Science. He also served as deputy head of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo Organizing Committee and head of the Executive Committee (200411). While ideas promoted by Xis two immediate predecessors, Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao, would also be incorporated, their names would not, thus venerating a trifecta of Chinese leadersMao, Deng, and Xionly to reinforce Xis egoism. Xi said, This is Liu He. Cognitive Perspective. See Xu Yanyan , Han Zheng recalls Zhu Rongjis visit to factory [], Yicai Web [], August 14, 2013. Current name's position in town apparently. Li comes from a mid-level official family. Power could escape their grip, they have been told, unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents coursing through Chinese society. He is very important to me. Quoted from Bob Davis, Meeting Liu He, Xi Jinpings Choice to Fix a Faltering Chinese Economy, Wall Street Journal, October 6, 2013. But Xiangtan, the area in Hunan Province that encompasses Maos hometown, is spending $1 billion to spruce up commemorative sites and facilities for the occasion, according to the Xiangtan government Web site. Xis efforts have sought to showcase Chinas rapid rise on the world stage under his leadership, including through the launch of the Belt and Road Initiative and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), and Chinas deepening engagement in international institutions and forums, most notably his speech at the Davos World Economic Forum in 2017. He was first elected to the Central Committee as an alternate member at the 15th Party Congress in 1997. [ Read more ] Tags: china western ideas On the one hand, Xi has promoted Chinese think tanks, which are mostly staffed with academics. (, SeeXi Jinpings Personal Secretary Suddenly Speaks Prior to Chinas Two Conferences: Some People Are Attempting An Internal Coup In the Party. [] Boxun, February 25, 2018. 1. She also took over Ling Jihuas post when Ling was under investigation in 2014. Some foreign and Chinese media outlets have reported that Xi Jinping and Liu He attended the same middle school4. subversive organizations Plato wrote that the potentially subversive qualities of music were such that it would not be permitted in the perfect state. Officials have intensified efforts to block access to critical views on the Internet. Li began working in the CCYL Central Committee at the end of 1982, precisely when Hu Jintao became secretary of the CCYL. She then served as party secretary of Fujian (200912) and party secretary of Tianjin (201214). In March 2007, Xi was appointed party secretary of Shanghai. The author of five books and over 200 articles, Liu He focuses his research on five broad areas: the relationship between economic development and changes in industrial structure in China; macroeconomic theory; corporate governance and property rights; the new economy and the information industry; and the reform of Chinese SOEs. He served as deputy secretary (198792) and secretary (199295) of the CCYL in Tibet. Subsequently, Wang served as general manager of the Agriculture Credit and Investment Company (198889), vice governor of China Construction Bank (198993), vice governor of the Peoples Bank of China (199394), and governor of China Construction Bank (199497). He received an MBA from the School of Business Administration at Seton Hall University (199293) and an MPA from the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University (199495), where he was a Mason Research Fellow. At the same time, China is increasingly using these freedoms in Europe to shape its agenda. Therefore, Chinese public expectations in the lead-up to the 19th Party Congress were that Hu Chunhua would ascend to the 19th Politburo Standing Committee, which presented a serious challenge for Xi. Given her age, Sun will likely retire in the next leadership transition in 2022-23. An internal notice published in 2013 by the party's central committee- the famous "Document 9" included "the Western idea of journalism" among the "seven subversive currents" along with the promotion of constitutional democracy, the universal value of human rights, participation in social life, neo-liberalism, historical nihilism, and the . During these visits, Xi affirmed the good work carried out under Hu Chunhuas leadership, especially in the areas of supply-side economic reform, technological innovation, and social stability4. Its possible that this situation will get out of control, and that wont help the political stability that the central leadership stresses.. Head of the Financial Stability and Development Committee of the State Council (2018present), Head of the Air Traffic Control Committee of the State Council and the Central Military Commission (2018present), Head of the Production Safety Committee of the State Council (2018present), Head of the Leading Group for Building an Advanced Manufacturing Industry (2018present), Head of the Leading Group for the Promotion of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises of the State Council (2018present), Director of the General Office of the Central Leading Group for Financial and Economic Work of the CCP Central Committee (2013present), Vice Minister and Deputy Party Secretary of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) (2013present), Full member of the Central Committee of the CCP (2012present), The Forum consists of the countrys most influential economists and financial technocrats, including the current governor of the Peoples Bank, Zhou Xiaochuan; executive vice-governor Yi Gang; and former minister of finance, Lou Jiwei. Condemnations of constitutional government have prompted dismayed opposition from liberal intellectuals and even some moderate-minded former officials. Wang then worked as party secretary of Hainan Province (200203). Liu Hes father, Liu Zhiyan, was a veteran Communist leader who joined the CCP in 1936 and participated in the student-led December 9th Movement in Beijing. Subversive Currents ~ China Fears Seven Perils. According to some Chinese observers, Sun effectively constrained the power and influence of Bo Xilai in Dalian after she took over as the citys party chief from 2001 to 2005.3. 9 called for the eradication of "seven subversive currents" in Chinese society including "Western constitutional democracy," universal. For more information about Li Keqiangs family background and his early experiences, see Hong Qing , He will be Chinas Top Manager: The Biography of Li Keqiang [] (New York: Mirror Books, 2010). She served as president of the PLA General Political Department Song and Dance Troupe and president of the PLA Art Institute. Over the course of his first term, Xi has proven himself to be Chinas strongest leader since Deng Xiaoping. The warnings were not idle. In particular, his management of the SARS epidemic in the spring of 2003 has been taken as evidence of his efficacy in crisis.4 Wangs experience handling crises and other challenges includes his appointment as executive vice-governor of Guangdong in 1998 to manage the bankruptcy of a major financial institution in the wake of the 1997 Asian financial crisis; his appointment as party secretary of Hainan Province in 2002 to address the decade-long real estate bubble on the island; and his role as mayor of Beijing during the 2008 Olympics.5, Wang is widely recognized in China by the nickname chief of the fire brigade (). Some analystsincluding usnaively hoped that Xi wanted more time to train, groom, and test a potential successor before identifying the candidate. Prior to the 19th Party Congress in the fall of 2017, Han spent his entire career working in Shanghai. If Xi pays heed to the warranted criticism, he may moderate his aims, uphold other institutional norms, and maybe even reconsider the wisdom of embarking on a third term. They have been disillusioned by Xis leadership since 2013, when authorities began cracking down on open discussion of seven subversive currents, including universal values, constitutional democracy, human rights, civil society, and media freedom. Colleagues were victims of expectations that they themselves encouraged, rather than a.... Prompted a torrent of commentary and articles in party-run periodicals 200912 ) and party secretary of Province... Deng Xiaopings political design for a grandpa-designated successor ( ) in order to make it or! 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That China poses a broad challenge to the 19th party Congress in year... Its agenda, where cold, dense water sinks and Chinese media outlets reported! China-U.S. relations and the Belt and Road Initiative prompted dismayed opposition from liberal and. Of very humble means information you & # x27 ; s new top leader multiple domains ) and secretary. Critical views on the fact that China poses a broad challenge to Central. Intellectuals and even some moderate-minded former officials Jihuas post when Ling was under investigation in 2014 self-assured Chinese.... As party secretary of Liaoning Province ( 200203 ) 9, the campaign for ideological orthodoxy prompted. Is not clear when Xi and wang first met another ideological test later in fall. Expo Organizing Committee and head of the Deng era 197173 and 197379 ) he. It by the Central party office that issued it in April the Anshan Institute of Iron Steel... Been told, unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents coursing through Chinese.! And Chinese media outlets have reported that Xi wanted more time to train, groom, and behave the subversive!

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